Productivity and activity of word-formation.
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Productivity and activity of word-formation.
Productivity and activity of word-formation.
There are different approaches to defining productivity of word formation means – jne jf them is based on quantitative approach.
A derivative pattern or a derivative affix if considered to be productive if there are a lot of words built on this pattern or with the help of this affix (from a dozen to a thousand). E.g. V+er=N (teacher); N+ly=Adj (friendly); Adj+sound interchange+th=N (long-length).
Productivity is characterized by the ability of a given suffix to make new words.
Activity of word formation:
Derivative patterns and affixes are considered to be active if they can be used and are used in Modern English for creating new words.
The first pattern (V+er=N) is active because it is used to create new words and to create the so called nonce-word (окказиональные слова) that are created by individuals and are not registered by dictionaries. E.g. worker - is a productive, active, high frequency pattern. The suffix is freely used to coin an unlimited number of nonce-words denoting active agents, e.g. interpreter, loud-laughter.
The pattern N+ly=Adj – productive, non-active, low-frequency pattern.
Adj+sound interchange+th=N – unproductive, non active, low-frequency pattern.
Derivational patterns and derivational affixes are also characterized by the frequency of their occurrence; words based on certain pattern are very frequently used in speech; such patterns are called high-frequently patterns.
There are three degrees of productivity that are distinguished for derivational patterns and individual derivational affixes:
1. highly-produced
2. productive or semi-productive
3. non-productive
There are different approaches to defining productivity of word formation means – jne jf them is based on quantitative approach.
A derivative pattern or a derivative affix if considered to be productive if there are a lot of words built on this pattern or with the help of this affix (from a dozen to a thousand). E.g. V+er=N (teacher); N+ly=Adj (friendly); Adj+sound interchange+th=N (long-length).
Productivity is characterized by the ability of a given suffix to make new words.
Activity of word formation:
Derivative patterns and affixes are considered to be active if they can be used and are used in Modern English for creating new words.
The first pattern (V+er=N) is active because it is used to create new words and to create the so called nonce-word (окказиональные слова) that are created by individuals and are not registered by dictionaries. E.g. worker - is a productive, active, high frequency pattern. The suffix is freely used to coin an unlimited number of nonce-words denoting active agents, e.g. interpreter, loud-laughter.
The pattern N+ly=Adj – productive, non-active, low-frequency pattern.
Adj+sound interchange+th=N – unproductive, non active, low-frequency pattern.
Derivational patterns and derivational affixes are also characterized by the frequency of their occurrence; words based on certain pattern are very frequently used in speech; such patterns are called high-frequently patterns.
There are three degrees of productivity that are distinguished for derivational patterns and individual derivational affixes:
1. highly-produced
2. productive or semi-productive
3. non-productive
anya
Similar topics
» Word-groups.
» The word and the morpheme.
» Word-composition (compounding)
» Word structure of modern English
» Word structure of modern English
» The word and the morpheme.
» Word-composition (compounding)
» Word structure of modern English
» Word structure of modern English
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